Osteoporosis is a disease associated with bone weakness. In osteoporosis, the weakness in bones often increases the risk of a broken bone. The hip bone, the bones of the forearm and the vertebrae in the spine are some of the common bones which usually break due to osteoporosis. It is usually caused in the elderly. Fractures occur commonly in osteoporosis and can potentially result in disability. Osteoporotic fractures generally occur in the shoulder, hip, spine and wrist. Multiple vertebral fractures lead to loss of height, a stooped posture and chronic pain. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is primarily used to diagnose osteoporosis. Some of the common medications include bisphosphonates and teriparatide. This book will provide interesting topics for research, which interested readers can take up. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of osteoporosis and the recent researches related to it. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.