Respiratory medicine, widely known as pulmonology, is a field of medicine concerned with diseases related to the respiratory tract. The human respiratory tract is that part of the respiratory system which is involved with respiration. Respiratory medicine is a branch of internal medicine. A specialist in this field is called a respiratory therapist. Such doctors deal with chest conditions, including asthma, pneumonia and tuberculosis. Interventional pulmonology is a new sub-speciality, which falls under the domain of respiratory medicine. It is concerned with the use of minimally invasive endoscopic procedures for diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases. Pleuroscopy and bronchoscopy are two therapeutic procedures used in interventional pulmonology. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of respiratory medicine which will be crucial for the progress of this field in the future. It elucidates new techniques and their applications in a multidisciplinary manner. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.