Orthopedic surgery is a branch of surgery. It studies the disorders and diseases related to the musculoskeletal system. The treatment methods used by orthopedic surgeons to treat the disorders related to the musculoskeletal system are both surgical and nonsurgical. Some of the common sub-branches associated with orthopedic surgery include spine surgery, hand and upper extremity, total joint reconstruction, foot and ankle surgery, pediatric orthopedics, surgical sports medicine and musculoskeletal oncology. Spinal fusion is a very common orthopedic surgical technique. It is used to join two or more vertebrae, at the time, when the disc wears out. The various sub-fields of orthopedic surgery along with technological progress that have future implications are glanced at in this book. It studies, analyzes and upholds the pillars of orthopedic surgery and its utmost significance in modern times. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.