Planetary sciences is a vast field which studies the planets, planetary systems and natural satellites. In includes earth sciences which is concerned with the study of earth's hydrosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. Earth sciences incorporates the rules and laws of physics, mathematics, biology and chemistry, etc. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of earth and planetary sciences and how such concepts have practical applications. Such selected concepts that redefine this subject have been presented in the text. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies and advanced studies have been included in it. It will serve as a valuable source of reference for those interested in this field.