An imbalance between the systemic expression of reactive oxygen species and the ability of a biological system to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or repair the resulting damage is termed as oxidative stress. The production of peroxides and free radicals results in disturbances in the normal redox state of cells which causes toxic effects. All components of cells which include proteins, lipids and DNA are damaged by these molecules. Disturbances in usual mechanisms of cellular signaling are caused by oxidative stress. The book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of oxidative stress and the recent researches in this area. It traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. This book will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in this area of study.