Wastewater treatment aims at reducing pollutants by using different treatment methods. To achieve desired performance, it is important to ensure the proper operation and maintenance of the water treatment plant. A number of factors determine the wastewater reuse and include potential revenues, operating costs, resource value and public acceptance of wastewater resources. Membrane filtration, automated variable filtration (AVF) technology, new urban sanitation technology, and urine separating process are some of the advanced technologies used for wastewater treatment. The new urban sanitation technology integrates electro flocculation (Elflox) and anaerobic digestion technologies for treating wastewater. Natural treatment systems are helpful in removing several contaminants such as nutrients, pathogens, micro-constituents, and endocrine disrupting chemicals. This treatment process is extremely effective for water reclamation (or water reuse). This book provides a detailed explanation of the wastewater treatment and reuse technologies. It aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in the area of wastewater treatment and management.