Biology is the branch of science that is concerned with the study of life and living organisms. The fundamental units of cells, genes and evolution are central to the development of biology. All structural, physiological, evolutionary, systematic, ecological and environmental aspects of organisms are explored in this domain. The sub-domains of biology are classified into biochemistry, molecular biology, cellular biology, physiology and ecology. The evolutionary relationships of living organisms are analyzed through phylogenetics, cladistics and phenetics. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of biology and how such concepts have practical applications. The various advancements in biology are glanced at and their applications as well as ramifications are looked at in detail. This book will prove to be immensely beneficial to students and researchers in this field.