Materials whose individual units range in size between 1 to 1000 nanometers are called nanomaterials. Such materials have unique mechanical, optical and electronic properties. These are either engineered or natural. Nanomaterials can be grouped under nanostructured materials and nano-objects. They have major applications in manufacturing processes, healthcare, bioimaging and biosensing, medical diagnosis, etc. The study of nanomaterials requires an integration of the fields of materials science and nanotechnology, advanced materials metrology and synthesis. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts in nanotechnology. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover the properties, synthesis, techniques and applications of nanomaterials. This textbook is a complete source of knowledge on the present status of this important field.