The study of the patterns of social relationships, interactions and culture is under the domain of sociology. It is a social science that employs different methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to understand the social order, acceptance and change. Study of sociology is crucial for the development of social policy and welfare. Sociology delves into all aspects of social class, gender, sexuality, social stratification, mobility, religion and law. The theoretical foundation of sociology is built on the classical theories of functionalism, symbolic interactionism, utilitarianism and conflict theory. Sociological theory focuses on the three primary dichotomies of subjectivity and objectivity; structure and agency; and synchrony and diachrony. They deal with knowledge, action and time respectively. This book covers in detail some existing theories and innovative concepts revolving around sociology. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies have been included herein. In this book, using case studies and examples, constant effort has been made to make the understanding of the difficult concepts of sociology as easy and informative as possible, for the readers