Nutrients are substances that are essential for the survival, growth, development and reproduction of an organism. They are essential for the metabolic processes in cells. They also aid in releasing usable energy for various activities crucial to life processes. Nutrients are generally classified as macronutrients and micronutrients. Some common nutrients are proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, potassium, fats, etc. An inadequacy of nutrient intake in diet can result in various deficiency conditions. The study of nutrients fall under the domain of nutrition science. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of nutrients. From theories to research, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of the subject.