This book contains the proceedings of the annual meeting of the Italian Neural Network Society (SIREN), held in Vietri sul Mare, Italy in 2010. Subjects covered include methodological and implementational topics, which are grouped together into chapters devoted to models, signal processing and other applications. There are also two chapters which refer to special sessions devoted to current focuses in the field, which this year concern the dynamics of biological networks and nonlinear systems for multimodal human-machine interaction; the latter representing a special activity of the European C.