This book supports students of Early Childhood Studies, Early Years and related disciplines to understand self-regulation in the early years. It explores what self-regulation is and includes evidence from cognitive, developmental and behavioural psychology and neuroscience. It asks why self-regulation is so central for children and why it is so important for practitioners to support and develop it in young children. The book explores how self-regulation underpins much of children's development, including social, emotional and cognitive development. Key contexts for self-regulation, in particular aspects such as play and talk, are covered. This book supports students to: - know why self-regulation matters - understand why self-regulation is increasingly evident in policy and curricular around the world - focus on social, emotional and behavioural aspects of self-regulation - explore the importance of relationships in self-regulation – between children and adults and between children themselves - effectively observe and document self-regularion