Bioenergy is the energy derived from any component or material that has stored solar energy in one form or other and could be later converted into a commercial form of energy. It is derived from biomass that is formed from materials obtained from living organisms such as plant parts, animals and their byproducts. This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of bioenergy. The various concepts along with technological progress that have future implications are also glanced at. The objective of this book is to give a general view of the different areas of bioenergy and its applications. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of this subject.