This book brings forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidates the unexplored aspects of agronomy. It tries to understand the properties and interactions of soil and plants and is a combination of ecology, earth science, genetics, biology, chemistry, and economics. Plant physiology, soil classification, soil fertility, crop rotation, irrigation and drainage, plant breeding, pest control, insect and weed control are among the list of areas covered under this field. This discipline plays a crucial role in ensuring food security, soil health, sustainability of agricultural resources and improving nutritional value of already existing food crops. The various sub-fields of agronomy along with the technological progress that have future implications are glanced at in this book. It collated the researches of veterans from across the globe to unravel the unexplored aspects of this subject. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject. It will prove to be a beneficial source of knowledge for agronomists, agriculturists, environmentalists, researchers and students alike.