Geology is a primary branch of earth science. It studies in detail the structure of Earth. It provides prominent theories and evidence concerning the evolution and history of our planet as well as life on the planet. Geology can be applied to diverse areas such as petroleum exploration, hydrology, mining, etc. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. Scientists, geologists and students actively engaged in this field will find this book full of crucial and unexplored concepts.