In order to become a key document for interoperability, UIC Leaflet 471-1 has been totally reshaped in the light of the TSI (Technical Specifications of Interoperability) for the "Traffic Operation and Management" sub-system of the trans-European conventional rail system, in accordance with the Directive 2001/16/EC. Its new objective is thus to provide IMs with appropriate tools that should help them to: define the context and all aspects of the connection and management of border sections with the aim of creating secure, unobstructed and non-discriminatory traffic flows; make agreements between: two neighbouring IMs; the IM(s) designated to manage a border section and the RU(s) that run(s) trains on it.