In modern society, the use of pressure vessels enters into many phases of human activity and, consequently, the services derived from pressure vessels lead to a tremendous variety of applications and associated engineering problems.The most important of these engineering problems covers various aspects of public safety and economics, and are noncompetitive.Since they are the responsibility of the entire engineering community and are of national concern, there has been a growing recognition by leaders in industry and government that the burden of finding solutions must be handled on a cooperative basis and that this effort can best be supported by equitable contributions from industry and/or public funds.Such cooperative action was organized in the form of the Pressure Vessel Research Committee (PVRC) by the Welding Research Council of the Engineering Foundation in 1945.